Copyright 2000 by Center for Citizen Initiatives.

All rights reserved

Last Updated: Monday, November 13, 2000 16:13

Ӓ̚ ԕ̖Ԛ ˒ӓ ”˝.

Ӓ̚ ԕ̖Ԛ ˒ӓ ”˝.

θ .

•ڒ θӓ ڒ

(•’Ӕ ڕ ʔ˞ ˖˒/ʷ ˝ ••ڒ)

̚ ͕• Ν ԕ”˝ ˒ӓ ”˝

ԕ”˜ ̓ ˒̚ ” Νҝ “˕Ӓ žӓ ԕӔڒ θ ˒ӒӔ ԕӔ͖, ӷ –˗ ӷڝ, ӕ ۔ۘ:

1. ۔Ӓڒӕڸ ڕ·ڸ Ӓ—ڒ ԕӔ ˝ ԕӔ͖ - ԕθӓ ԕӔڒ

2. Ӕ•˒ڸ ӓ˗ Ӓ ԕ˕Ӕ Ӓڸ ԕ˕Ӕ̚ ەҚ, ӕ θӓ ڒ

3. ԕ̝ڸ ˷ ˒̚ Ӕ θӒ˝ ’ӒϚ ԕ˕Ӕ̚ ەӒ, ەӒ, Μ̚ ••ۜ , Μڸ, , θӞڒۜ ԕ ڒ̚ ӓ˗ Κ ӓ˗ Ӕ ښ

4. Ӕ•˒ڸ θڸ ••ӓ ڒ

5. Ӓڸ ەӒ̸ ••Ӓ ӷڒ .

ԕ : — ӓ Ӕθڒ ӷڒӒ ˜ ӕӓ •—̚ , “ҝ ԕ˕Ӕ̚ ەӒ ˞ Ӟ˜ Ν ۔ۘ“ ԕӔڒ ԕӔӒ ˝?

̚ 1862 - 1985 . ӷ θӓ ڒ, Ӓ˝ ˒ӓ ”˝.
Μ’ ӷ˝ ӷڒ Ӓ̚ ˝ ӗ ˝ ˒ӓ θӓ ڒ
1862 ۷˔˕Ӓ •̖’
1935 ۞, ڕӒ ˝, ͕ڒ ••Ӓ, •˝ ʷ • θ ()
1936 •˝ •ԕӔڒ ԕӔ͖ Ϛ ۷˔ ••, ˕ۜ •˒̚ žӓ
1949 •ԕӔڒ, ̚ ˝ θ ••, ԕ̝ •˒̚ žӓ, θ Ӟ˝ Ӕ•˝ ԕӔڒ ӗ
1956 •ԕӔڒ, ̚ ˝ ” Γҕӗ̚ ԕӓ θӓ ӓϚ • ̚ , ӷ •˕Ӓڸ Ӕ•ҝ ҕ 10
1965 ү ԕ ӕ ԕӔ͖ ӓ ͕˝ θ̚ Ӓ ے˗ ’̚ Ә ( 70-)
1977 Ғ žӓ˗ ԕӓ Ӓ ˒ Ԓ; –θ̚ ښ •• ԕ͕ ԕӔڒ ˗ ԕӓϚ ˗ ڕ θ ԕ”˝ ӷӔϚ •Ӓ •
1981 ” ԕӔӒ ˝ ڕ ڕڸ“ ˕ ӗ ԕ ԕ ˗ ڕ , ӷ ڔڸ ԕӷ • ԕӷϚ ڕΝ ԕӔڒ
1985 •ԕӔڒ, ӓӒڸ ʔ ԕӓ Ӕ•˝ ԕӓ • ӓ • •̚ θ (̚, ӗ̚ θ); ”Ӓ˝ ӷ θ•˒ӓ θӓ ڒ

ԕ : Ӕ’Ҹ 1985 Ӕ Ӕ θ•˒̚ θ ڒ?

1985 Ӕ ԕ”ڕ˒ ԕӒ” ”Ӓθ˞ ӷ θ•˒ӓ θӓ ڒ, ӕ •ӒҸ Ӓ•˝ ԕϚ̚ ۔ӷ ҕ”ڒ ښ ˕Ӓ ԕ˝ •• žӓ, ”ۘ Ә˜ ӗ, ˒ ӗ, . ., Ӕ•˒ҝ ˒̚ Ӕ ”˝ θӓ ڒ.

ԕӔڒ ̚ ԕӔӒ ˝

ۗ ӕ̚ ڕ· ԕӒ”˝ ”Ӓ, ӷ

- Ӓڸ ˒ڸ θӞڒӓ ԕӔڒ;

- Ӕ•˒ڸ ӔӕӔ θ;

- ͕ڸ ӗۜ ˜, ҞӔ Ӕ Ϛ˝ θ̚ Ӓ;

- ӔڒӒڸ Ӟ˜ • ԕ˕Ӕ̚ ەӒ...

1988 Ӕ ڕ·ڸ ˕Ӓ ԕ˝ ڕ̚, ˒˞ žӓ ԕ˒ ԕ̝˜ • , ӕ Νҝ ’ە ԕ”˝ ڕ ˒ҝ θ ڒ.

-̓ ڕ ˒ҝ θ ڒ ۗ Low-Input/Sustainable Agriculture, . . LISA.

ԕ : ԕӓϚ ԕ”̚ 1990 Ӕ , ӷ ˕Ӓڸ ˒ӓ ”˝?

Ӕθ̚ 1990 Ӕ ӓӒ̚ 1990 Ӕ ӷ— ү˕ ۘڒۜ˞ ԕӓ • , Ӓ ϝ ۘڒۜ , ӕ ԕ”ΝҸ ͒ ە ڒڒ œҝ ˗ڒ .

Ӓ ү˕̚ ԕӓϚ, Ғ̚ ԕӔ ˝, θ ڒ, • ӕӒ, ̚ ӓ 1990 Ӕ.

- ӓ ڒ Ӕ, θ Ν ʔ θӓ ڒ. ԕӓ Μ 10 Ӓ ͕Ӓ θ̚

ۓӔ, ӕ ӷ θӞڒӓ ԕӔڒ ۓ ˝ Ӕ.

- ӓ ”. ӓ ˕Ӓ ••Ӓ ˒ڸ θە, ӷڒۜ Ӟ˜ ӗӓ ͕Ӓ ˝ ڒڒ ԕ” Ν ӓ ˗ڒ ͒ ە.

- ү˕ 즕ӓ • •˕Ӓ˝ , ӷ Μڸ θӞڒ̚ ۓӔ, ԕӔڒ ӕ ·ԕ˝ ˝ ڒ Ӕ.

ԕ : Ӕ’Ҹ 1990 . Ӕ Ӓ ˷ ԕӔڒ Ӓ ԕ ڕҸ ˒ ”?

̚ 1990 Ӕ ӷ θӓ ڒ ԕ ڕ·Ӓ˝ ӓ ӓӒ˝ ʔ •• - ۗ ԕӓϚ 15 - 25 ԕӖӒ ˗ڒ ӕ •• ԕ ̚ ښ. , •• ӓ ˒ڸ ˞ 15 - 25 ԕӖ ҒӷӔ ۓ θە ˝ җ ̚ , Ӓ̚ ͒ ە.

θە, ӕ ¯ ˒ڸ ˒ ۗ ӓ 1990 Ӕ.

- θە, ԕ”̚ ԕӓ : ԯ˖, •Ӓ ӕ, .

- Νښ θە : ӝ, Ӕ۞, , , , ӕ˖ ۓ θە, ԕ”̚ θ.

- ۓ θە, Μ ӔӒ - ӒӘ̚.

- •θ̚ ԕϚ̚ θە, ԕ”̚ θ.

ӓ ԕ”ڒۜ Ӕθڒ •• ӓ Νڸ Ғ ۓӔ Ӕ ԕӔڒ ˞ θە, •ڸ ̚ ښ. Ӓ Ӕθڒ •Ӓ̚ •• •˕Ӓڸ Ғ˞ ۗ, ԕ̝ θ•˒̚ ӷ ԕӔڒ, Ӕ ˒ӓ ”˝.

ԕ : • ˒ ”˜ ž ԕ̖Ӓ Ӓӓ θӞڒӓ ԕӔڒ?

— . ˒ӓ ”˝ Ӓ ” ӕ, ԕӘ̚ ԕ˝ •• ԕӷ •žӔӓ •Ӕ Ӕ ӕ̚ ԕے˗̚ ڕ·Ӓ˝ ˞ ۔ۘ ۓ ӕ̚.

˒ ” : Νҝ

- ڞӔ Ӓӓ θӞڒӓ ԕӔڒ.

- ۓ ӕ˗ӓ ”˝.

- Ӕڒ θ ·θ˞ •

- θ ˒Ӓڒ

-

-  ž ӓ˗˞ ԕӷ

- ̗θ ¯ ԕӷϚ Ӓ˝ ӞӔӒ ••Ӓ

- ӗ ڸ Ν θ .

ӓ ˒ӓ ”˝ θ , ӷ ԕ”ڸ •• θۜ ҒӷӔ ӕ, Ν ӓ, ӷ Ӓڸ θ̚ ӓ˗˝ Ν Μӓ ˔ θӞڒӓ ԕӔڒ. ӗ ԕӓ ҝ θ•˒ θ ڒ θ•˒ ԕӔڒ.

ԕ : ”Ӓ˝ θ ڸ ʔ ͕ ԕ˝ ˗˞ ۔ӷ ˖˔Ӓ Ӓ ••˞ ӞӔӒ?

Ӕ ”Ӓ˝, ԕӒ”ӓ ˒• , ԕ˝ •θ̚ ۔ӷ Ӓ θ Ӓڸ ӞӔ. ڔθ̚ •• Ӓڸ Ғ ӞӔ, θ ˯ ͕˒ ˗ڒ θϚ ˗˞ ۔ӷ ˖˔Ӓ, - ̚ ԕ. ڒ “ ӓ, θە ˒ Ғ •, ښ ԕ̝, “ ˗̚ ӷ ”˜ ••ӓ ڒ,

ӓ, ڸ ۓ ӕ ˝˝ , . ., ԕ•, Ν˝ ӕ̚ ۓ˞ “ ۗ.

—: ԕ•, Ҹ , ӕ˕Ӓ Ӓӗ̚ , ̝ښ Ӕ ە, θ ˝, ӕ Ҹ, ڕ ۘ̚ ԕӷϚ ˞ ̚ ¯˝. . . ˒ θӞڒ ԕӔڒ ڕ· ԕ˝ –˗˞ žӓ Ν ڔθ̚ ˔Ӓ ԕӔڒ, ڕ θ̚ “Ӓ ԕ” ԕ”Νҝ ̚. , ϝ, ӝ ̚ Ӓ̚ ԕ̖Ԛ ˞ ˕ ԕ.

ԕ : Μ, ԕ˒” , ڸ ԕ θ ڒ ?

. Ӓ̚ Ӕ ”Ӓ˝ Νҝ , •• ˓ ͕˝ ԕ˝ •θ̚ ۔ӷ Ӓ, •• ̚ ڸ ԕ ӕ, ̸ڸ ڕښ ԕӷ ԕϚ̚ ۔ӷ ˖˔Ӓ...θ ӕ •• ӓ θ Ӕ̝ڸ Ғ ӞӔ. ̖̔˜ ˜ ڕ ˗ ԕښ җ 1 ۯθ Μڸ ̚ θ, ԕ˒”̚ .

—: ڕښ/ۯθ •Ӕ ۞, , ԕ•, 1983 1988 ., . . ˗ڒ ۯ •Ӕ ͕Ҹ.

ԕ : ˗ ۗ. ҞӔ •θ̚ ۔ӷ ˗˞ ˖˔Ӓ θ ͕, • ••, ҝ ە ӞӔ ԕ ž , ӕ ӝ ϝ ԕ’˕ۜ ?

˗ ۗ. ԕ”˒, ˞ ە, ԕȔ, θ ͕ ˗˞ ԕӒ ˗ ˕Ӓڸ ӞӔ •• . ¯ ӕ ҝ ӓӔ, ӕ˝ θӒ˝

ӓ ۗ ۓ ԕҚ ”˝ ••ӓ ڒ. œ ӷθ̚ ӕ, , ˕Ӓ ԕ ە̖˝ ӕ•Ӓ; ӷ θۜ θ ˓ ԕ ԕ” ӗ̚ .

ӓ ӗ̚ ̚ ̚ ԕӔڒ̚ ڕ, ԕӔ ە ̚ ڸҝ ۔ڒ̚ , ӷ ӷ—ڸ · θ θ - Ӓ, ӕ ¯ •˒ Γҕӗ ԕӓϚ ˒.

ԕ : Ӕ ̝ 씕ۓ ҞӔ, ҞӔӒ ۔ӷ˝ ˖˔?

ۓ ҞӔ ҝҝ: , ˒, ӷӕ۔Ӓ, ڕ۔ ԕ. θ ڸ ˗˝ ʔ ˒̚ ԕӔڒ ڕ˖̚ ••ۜ ڕ˒ڸ ӗ ˝ ښž Ӓ̚ Ӓ - ’ӷӕ, , ۔ӷ .

ښ ˝ ۓ ۓ ۓ ۓ ҝ, ҝ ӷ ̚ ӗ, ӗ̚ Ӓ.

ԕ : Ӓ ӷ Ҟ ’ӷӕ ӝ ϝ Ν •ӓ ەӒӔ (ԕ ڕ˖ ԕӔڒ)?
’ӷӕ Ӕ ە, 1988 .
θە ԕӖ ̝ښ Ӕ ە ۓӔ (1988 .)
1986 1987 1988
ە ە ە 26
ӝ ە ە 5
Μ• ە ە 3
ۓ ە ە 3
ە ӝ ە 38
ӝ ӝ ە 4
ۓ ӝ ە 3
ە ԯ˖ ە 1
ۓ ԯ˖ ە 3
Μ• Μ• ە 4
ۓ Μ• ە 1
ە Ӓ ە 1
ۓ Ӓ ە 1

3/4 ە ڕ ˒ҝ , ڔθ̚ Ӕ •” . ’ӷӕ θӒҸ, , ԕ •θ̚ ۔ӷ ˖˔Ӓ.

ԕ : ԕҚ Ғ ԕ˒” Ҟ ’ӷӕӒ, ӕ ە ӗ •• ˒Ҹ Ӕ˞ ž Ν?

•—ڸ Κ ԕӷ, ӕ ۔ۘ - Ϛ ԕӔڒ ە, ڕ ӕ Ӕҝ ¯θڒ ԕӖҚ, ԕҞӔ ӗ.

̖θ̚ ”, Ϛ .

Ӓӝҝ ԕ •θ̚ ۔ӷ ˖˔Ӓ ӗ θە :

- ڸ ӔӕӔ ӗ, ӷ ҕ˜ ӕ˗ ӗ , , ӷӒ ˝ ;

- ̸ڸ ԕӔθڸ ӗ - ˝, ͕˝ Ә ӓ ӷ ˝ ͕ӷӓ˗ ˒;

- ۯڸ Ν ڒ̚ Ӓ ” ӗӒ ’ ;

- ڸ ˜ ӗ ے˗ڸ Ϛ Ӓ Ӓ Ӕ.

ԕ : ҞϚ ’ӷӕӒ ̚ θ•˒ӓ θӞڒӓ ԕӔڒ? (—. •̚ θ•˒ ԕӔڒ ˒ ԕӔڒ ̝Ϛ.)

ӕ ԕ• Ӕ ’ӷӕӒ, ԕ̝Ϛ θ•˒ ” Ȕ̚ •θ̚ .
Ӕ θە Ν ʔӓ
1 2 3
1981 Ӓ/͕̚ ’• ӝ ە
1982 ە Ӓ/͕̚ ’• ӝ
1983 Ӓ/͕̚ ’• ە Ӓ/͕̚ ’•
1984 ە ԯ˖/ҝ ە
1985 ӝ ە Ӓ/͕̚ ’•
1986 Ӓ/Ҹ ӷӒ ̸/ӝ ە
1987 ԯ˖/Ҹ ӷӒ ԯ˖/ӝ


˗ ʔ ڕ˖̚ θ•˒̚ ”.
ښ Ϛ ˖ ” θ•˒ ”
’ӷӕ ە-ە-ە ە-ӝ-ە ¯̚ θە, Ӓ - ӷӒ Ϛ ˔•̚
ӷ θ , ڒθ̚ ۓ ӕӒ “, ӓ , ’
۔ӷ˝ •θ̚ ۔ӷ˝ () Μ ӷӒ ’ӷӕ, ˕ ԕ ӕ˗ӓ , ͕ ԕ˝ ˗˞ , ӕ ˝; “•˝ ڕە ӗ
Ӕ ښ ӝ ˗˞ ˖˔Ӓ ̸ ԕ ˖˔Ӓ, ӓ˗ ڕθ, θ˒˝, ’ӷӕ, ȗ˒ ̝ ӕ, Μ ”Ν ˞ ڒ̚ , ˖˔Ӓ ڒ ͕ •


ԕ : ӕӒ ڒڒ ̝˜ ˒ ”?

ӕӒ ҝ Ӕ ӷ , ӷڒۜ Ӟ˜ ڕە, ͕˜ ̚ ԕӖӒ ¯˜ ӕ ԕӷ, Ғ̚ ӗ •ە, ӕ ۗ ˝ ӗ, . ., ԕӷ, ӷ ˞ ԕ ԕ ڕ˖̚ ӔӒ ӷ .

ӕ ͕Ӓ̚ θە Ν ەθ̚ ښ, ӕ Ӓښ Ν ԕ”̚ ӕ̚ . ԕӖ ҝ .

”ۜ ӷښҝ θ · ӕ, ͕ ӕ ̸ Ν ڕӒ , ڸ Ӓ•ڸ Ν.

ӷ, ̚ Ӕ, ҝ ӗ̚ ԕ˒ڸ ˕ ˜ ( Қ˜).

”ۜ Ҟ ۜҝ ڸ Ӕ ӕӒ˝, ӓ ӝΝҝ ҞӔ • ڕڒ .

ԕ : ҕڸ ڕ˖ θ•˒ ” ӗ ˝ ԕ˝ ۔ӷ˝ ԕӓϚ ښ ?

˖ ” ۗ ԕ” θۜ ӷ, ’ۜ ӷ ӷ ڒθ̚ ۓ, ϝ, θ•˒ ” ۔Νҝ ӷ ’ӷӕ, ž˗ θ˒ Ӓ̚ Ӕ, , ԕ•, ӕӒ.

ӗ Ӕ• , ԕӒӔϚ ̸, •” ۔ӷ˝, • ҝ ڕ˖̚.

ӓ θ•˒̚ ӔӒ ښ ڕ ԕ̖ ̸˞ ӷ˞ ڕ, Ӟ˝ ڕە ӗ ԕ• ӓ ” ڒӕ̚ ӕӒ.

ԕ : ԕӓ ˝ ӓ ۔ӷ˝ ̔ҝ θ•˒ ”?

Ӓӕҝ: ˞ Ӗ̚ –Ӓ ̒•˕Ӓ˝ ԕӓ ˝ ۔ӷ˝ θ•˒ӓ ”˝ ۘڒ, ӷ۔ڸ ӕ ̖Ԗ ԕ̖Ԛ, ԕϚ ӓ˞ ۗ.

(•’Ӕ ڕ ʔ˞ ˖˒/ʷ ˝ ••ڒ)

ӓ ˝ ӓ ۔ӷ˝ θ•˒ӓ ”˝.

˔•ښ - ̚ - (ӷӒ, Ӕ• , ) ̝ ˗ ̚ ۔ӷ˝ œ ”ۜ :

- ̸ ڕ, Ϛ˝, ˝; ̸ ҞӔ ӕ̝, - ԕӓ ԕ̝ҝ ԕθ, (. ., θ̚ ښ ҝҝ ԕθ ϝ, θӓ ڕ·˝ ˝);

- ”Νҝ ԕӖ • Ϛ ۔Ӓڒӕҝ ڕ·ڸ Γҕӗ ڕ· θ̚ Ӓ ˝;

- ˒ҝ ӕ ӗ, ڕە, Әڸ ӓ ӷ ͕ӷӓ˗ ˒ڸ, (. ., ԕӖ ˝, ԕӔ , ԕ’ θ̚ Ӓ ̚ Ν θ̚ ښ).

—. ӓ ˝ ۔ӷ˝ ( ԕӓ Ӓ˝ ӔӕӔ˝) ԕ˗ θ ڔڸ ҞϚ ’ӷӕ. ’ӷӕ ӷӔ , Ν ԕ”̚ ˝ Ӕ˕ڸ ӗ̚ θ̚ ښ, ҝ , , ͕ ӓ, ͕Ӓ̚ θە ӓ Ғڸ ӗ̚ , ԕ”ڒ “ Ϛ Ν Ғӷʔڸҝ ” ( ) ԕӖ ˝.

ԕ : ڸ ? ʔҝ ʔ •, ӕ θۜҝ Ӕ ˒ӓ ”˝, ” ڒ ӗ ӕ˗ӓ ?

ʔ ˒ • ʔҝ ” ˒̚, ••Ӓ, ӕ • , ̚ ڸ ˔ ԕ ˕Ӓ ’Ӕ ԕӓϚ θ ڕ· •, ӷӔڸ ӷ—˝ Ғ˞ ˒̚ ӕ.

ԕ : ԕӓ ˝ ̚ ̚ ۔ӷ ̔ҝ Ν θ•˒ӓ ”˝?

̔ ˜ ̚ ̚ ۔ӷ ( Ӓ˜ ەӒ̝ Ӕ•˝ ӕ ˝ ӗ) Ӓ̚ –˗˞ ڕ·ڝ θە θ̚ Ӓ ӗ.

̖Ԛ ԕ˝ ̚ ̚ ۔ӷ θ•˒ ”.

- ˗ , ӕ ڸ Ӓ— - ӗ • Ϸۜ ˜, Қ ӕ ˝ ӗ ӓ ̝ڸҝ θ ӕ˞ ӗӒ;

- ”ڒ ڕ˖ӓ ”˝ ڸҝ • ӕ ˝ — θ˞ ڸ ӷӔ ӷ ˞ Ӓ - ӷ ۗ, ۗ

ڕە ӗ, Ӕ• ӕ ەӒ̸ ӷڒۜ •’Ӕ ۘڒۜ˞ Ӓ ӕϚ, ̚ Ν ;

- ӗ θӓ ӕ, ˷ ڕ·ΝϚ θ•˒̚ ••, Νҝ ̚ θ • (ӷӓ ), ӷ Ҟ ’ӷӕ, ӕ Ӕ ̚ ; ̚ ҝ ; Νҝ ӕӯ ӗ ӕ;

- ӗ ˝ Ν θ•˒̚ ••Ӓ Νҝ Ԛθ; •žӔ̚ •Ӕ ӷڸҝ ••̚ .

ԕ : Ӕ ښ ̔ۜҝ θ•˒ ”?

Ӕ ښ θ•˒ ” ҕ”ڒ Ғ̚ ’ӷӕ, ӷ ӷ ˝ Ν ” ˞ ڒ̚ Ӓ.

Ӕ ښ θ•˒ ”.

- ԕ• ӓ ӕ̝Ӓ ” - Ϛ Ә ’ӷӕӒ;

- ӕӒ;

- ˝ (θ̚ Ν ڒ̚ •–˔);

- ž˗ θ˒˝;

- ӕ˕Ӓ ʔ ӷ , , ӝ ʔ ʔ ˝, ӷ ӕ θە ӕӒ;

- , Μ · “Ν Μ θӒ ӓ˗˞ ӔӒ ښ, . . Ϛ - ڒ̚ Ӓ ” ӓӒ;

- ԕ ӓ˗˞ ˖˔Ӓ;

- ڕ”ӗ ˗˞ • Ν ӕ̝Ӓ ԕ˒Ӓ θ̚ •.

”Ӓ θ˒˝, ԕӒ” Ν ӕ ӕ̝, ӷ Ӓ ە ە ڕ˖

”, ˗ ˖˔ ӗ̚ Ν ˗˝ ӕ̝Ӓ.

ԕ : ˕Ӓڸ ˗˝ ʔ ڕ˖̚ θ•˒̚ ” Νҝ ••Ӓ, ӷ˕˞ҝ • θ•˒̚ ӷ ”˝ ڒ?

˒ ” ˗ҝ ڕ˖ӓ ښ θӞڒӓ ԕӔڒ. ۓ Ӓ, •žӔ Δ˒ ” •• Ϛ. Ӓ̚ ԕҚ, ӕ ••Ӓ ԕ •žӔ ˒ ”, ”ۜ:

- Ӓ˝ ە ͕ •θ̚ ۔ӷ ˖˔Ӓ?

- ڕ·ҝ ڸ θ ڕ۔ ҕ”ڒۜ • ڕ˒ۜ ?

- ۗҝ ӞӔ - ӕ?

ԕ : ۘڒ ԕ ӕӯ ڕ͖˝ •žӔ ˒ ”?

. θ•˒ (˒) ” ˯ θӓ ˗ڒ ӷ̚ ӕӒ, ӷ Ғ ԕۜ ̝ۜ ˖, ӔӔۜ Ν •ӕ ڕ̚. ͕ •, ӕ˕Ӓ˝, Ӓ ȗ Μҝ, Ӕ θ•˒ӓ ”˝ ̚ ڸ ԕ”̚ – (Ν θڒ θە ӓ˗˞ ).

ӗ ۘڒ ԕ ӕ˕Ӓ ˒ӓ ”˝.

- ԕ̖Ԛ ’ ڔڸ ˗˞ ԕ̖Ӓ ˞ ڔθӓ •• ڔθ •Ϛ;

- ۗ θښ “ ۗҝ ԕ ˕Ӓ žӓ Ӕ • ( Ϛ ӗ, , ڕ۔ڕ, ӓ , ӷӕ۔Ӓ˝, ڕ· , Ԛ ••);

- •žӔ ˒ ” Μڸҝ Γҕӗ ԕ - — ˔ θ˞ Ӕ, θ˞ ҝ - ۘڒ ˜ Ӕӓ ̗ӓ •žӔ •žӔӓ •Ӕ, Ν“ҝ ӗ Γ, ӷ ڸ ڒښ ʔۜ Ӓ ԕӷϚ, •” , θ •žӔ.

ԕ : , θ̚ •ښ ••Ӓ •žӔ θ•˒ ” - ے˗ҝ ͕ҝ ە θ?

ڒڒ ӓ˗̚ ̚ θڒ ••Ӓ ӷ ͕, ӷ ے˗ ە, θ ڗӒ Ғ˔θڒۜ , ˞ ԕӯ. ӕ ӷ ӷ ے˗ ە.

˗̚ ˝ ە ̚ ••Ӓ ”ۜ:

- ˖ θ̚ Ӓ (48 ԕӖӒ ڗӒ)

- ے˗ ԕӷϚ ӕ̝Ӓ (72 ԕӖ ڗӒ)

ԕ : ӷ •• ӷ ے˗ ە — ˒ ?

•• ڒθ ӷ ӷ ے˗ ە ԕ •žӔ ˒ ”. ˗ ”Ӓ˝ Ӕڒ•ʔ Ӕ. ۗ ӷ , Ӓ Ӕ۔•˒ ӷڸ ӗ, ͕ ˝ ۷ӓ ӗ θ̚ Νҝ θ̚ ӕ, ˝ Ӓ ە. , , Ӕ•ҝ ӷӒ ˝, •žӔ ӕϚ, ̚ ˝, ӕ Ӕ . ӷӒ ˝ ҝ, ԕ•, ӝ, ӕ ˕ • Ғ˞ ӕ̝.

ڸҝ, , ̝ Ӕ ̚ , θ ۔ ӔӒ ˒ڸ • θە. ڸ ۗ ԕ θΝ ̚ ӞӔӒ ԕ •žӔ ˒ ”.

ԕ : ڸ -˷ Ϛ ˒ӓ ”˝ Ӓ Ν • ښ •žӔ ڕ˖ӓ ”˝?

’ӷӕ ԕ” Νҝ ڕθ̚ Μ ˒ӓ ”˝.

ۓθ̚ ̸ ¯ӓ •žӔӓ •Ӕ.

’ӷӕ, ӕ θ ӷӕӔ ӗ ԕ”ڒ ԕڕ ”, ۔ ڒڒӒڸ ”ۜ ڕ·ڝ ڔθ •Ϛ:

- ˒ θە, ӔӔ˞ ӗ - Ӕ - ˗ Ӓ˝ œ˞ҝ ەӒ;

- ˗ ҷ Ν θە, ۗڒۜ˞ ’ӷӕ;

- ӕ θە, ӕ ڸ Ә œ“ҝ ӷӕ۔Ӓ˝, ڕ۔Ӓ Κ, •• ˝;

- ӷ— ӷӔӓ ښ ˒Ϛ θە;

- ڒڒ θە ڕ·ڝ ӕ;

- ԕ” ڒ˝ Ӓӓ ӕ θە ̚ •Ϛ;

- ԕ”, Ӓ ӕ θە Ӓ˝ •ڒ θӓ ڒ .

ӷ ۘڒΝҝ •’Ӕ ••ӓ ڒ ˒ۜ ”˝?

- ̚ ڞӔ ԕ˝ ̖θ ”̚ ˗˞ ԕӒ Ӓ ڕ“ •Ӕ θ .

- •’Ӕ Ӓۜ Ӕ ۗ ڒ ԕ”̚ •Ӕ , ӷ ϝ ԕӷ ˝ Ԛ ”˝ ˒ӓ ”˝. (ӕ ۗ̚ ̔ۜ •’Ӕڸ θ 10 ԕӖӒ ۓӔ Ӕ.)

ԕ : ۗҝ ۔ڒ̚ ˝? ۔ •̚ — •žӔӓ •Ӕ?

ӓ 1985 Ӕ - , ۔. Ғ ڗ ̓ 1990 Ӕ, , ҝ θ•˒ӓ θӓ ڒ, җ ˝ —, ̚ ڸ ”̚ ԕӓϚ ˝ Ϛ ”˝ ••ӓ ڒ , ӷ Ӕڒ•ڸ, •• ̚ ےڒӒڸ · ҒӷӔ ӕ Ϛ ”˝ ڒ, ӷ, Ϛ ӕ˕Ӓ̚ ڕ̚, Ӕ•˒ҝ θӞڒ̚ žӓ. ڒ Ӕ ԕ̝ Ӓӓ 1990 Ӕ, ӕ ү˕ ӷڸ ˷˞ .

ڗ : θ•˒ θ ڒ, ”•θ̚ ˝ ԕ” •• ҒӷӔ ӕ.

ڗ Ӓҝ ԕ 74 ••Ӓ, œ˞ ͕̚ •• ڒ “ Ӓ̚ Ӕ ”ۜ:

- 75 ԕӖӒ ••Ӓ ү˕ ӕ Ғ˞ θە, ӓ Ӟڸ ۔ڒ̚ , Ӓ̚ ͒ ԕӔ͖, ԕӔ ԕ” Ә;

- θڒ ••Ӓ ӗ , ԕ žӓ θ•˒ӓ ”˝ ڕ· ԕӔښ Ӓ Ӓ θ ԕӷϚ ӕ̝, ͕ ە ӞӔ;

- ӓ •• ے•̚, θӒ ӷӒ θە, ˕ۜ˞ , ӷȔҝ ӕ ڕ· θ ڕ۔, ԕ •θ̚ ۔ӷ;

- θڒ ••Ӓ ے•̚, ۗ ӷ ͕ڸ ˗ ۔ ۗ ••˞ ԕӓ, ү˕ ӕ Ғ ԕӔ͖.

Ҕ Ӕ, ”•θ ԕθڒ ӗ ۷”ڸ ••Ӓ ԕ̝ڸ Ӕ θ•˒ӓ θӓ ڒ, ̓ ڸ ԕ ۗ˝ •• ԕӓ ү˕ڸ ”Ӓθ ӷӒθ̚ ԕӓϚ, ӷӔϚ Ν ڒ ••Ӓ ̚, ҝҝ ˒ ”˜. 1990 Ӕ , ҝ Ӓ ԕӓϚ ڕ·Ӓ ”Ӓθ , ӷ˜ .

ԕ : θ Ν ӓ, ӷ ԕӔڸ ԕ̝ ˒ӓ ”˝?

θ ӝ ϝ ԕӒӔ Κ ԕӓ, җ̚ , ӷ ӕ˝ ԕۘڒ ˒ӓ θӓ ڒ ԕڕ̝Ҹ ˕. ͕̚ 1985 Ӕ, ԕӓϚ θ θ ̚ 1990- ӝ ӷ”̝ Κ, θӞڒ ”Ӓθ ʷ, •˒̚ θӞڒ̚ ʷ Ӓ ʷ ˝ ••ڒ.

ӕښ ”Ӓθ˞ ӷ ˒ӓ θӓ ڒ.

- ˗ žӓ Ӕ, ҕ”ӗ̚ ” –˗˞ ˝ ’Ӕڒ ˝ ӷ ӔӔ ”˝ ••ӓ ڒ;

- ͒˝ ӷӔϚ ڕ۔ڕښ, ӷӔϚ θ Ν ҕ”ڒ̚ ԕӔڒ̚ , Ν ӷ“ ”˝ ˒ӓ ڒ;

- ԕ” ̚ Ӓ, Μ

- ˗ ӗ Κ ϝ, ӓ ӷӔ ԕӒӔڸ Ӓ̚ ښ (ϝ ԕ”Νҝ ӷ̚ ӕӒ, ӓӔ, ˝ , Ν ” . .)

- ҕ ʔ ڕ ˒̚ ڒ ˗˞ ԕӒ ӕ̝ ˞ ”̚ ˝ ͕ۜ ҕ”, ڕ ˞ ԕӷ, ڸ Ν ӕӒ;

- ӷϚ ԕҚ, Μ

- Ӟ •˗˞ ەӒ (͕ ӷӒ ˒, θӓ Ν •)

- ӓ˗ ԕӷϚ ڕښ ˞ ¯ ( - ԕ ?)

- ԕ ˒ӓ θ ڒ ۘڒۜ ԕӓ θ , ԕӓ • , ԕӓ ۔ڒ̚ .

” ”Ӓ˝ , ž •žӔӓ •Ӕ Ν •• ӓ ӔӔ. ˒ ” ӷ” · ӓ ”˞ ӷ θӓ ڒ - , ԕ•, ۗ žӓ ڒ. ۘڒ Ν Νҝ , ˒ ” • ˔ҝ ԕ, ”, “˕Ӓ .

1990 Ӕ –θ̚ ”Ӓ˝ ӷ ˒ӓ ” ԕ” 40 Ӓ Ӓ Ӕ. ӷ ӷڸҝ, ӓ , ԕ˒” ԕ•: ӓ, 1988 Ӕ, 100 ԕӒ ӷ žӓ ˒ӓ

”˝, Μ˞ · 1860 ••Ӓ, Ν 10 Ӓ Ӓ θ 14 Ӓ Ӓ ̚ .

˒ ”˝: θښ ”Ӓθ˞ .

- θӒ ͕Ӓ̚ θە ̸ ӗۜ ˜ ͕ Ϛ θ̚ Ӓ ӗ, ۞۔ ڒ Ӕ, ϝ ӷ—˒ ”ۜ θە ҒӷӔ̚ θ̚ ;

- θӒ ۓ˞ ˗̚ Ν ӕ̝Ӓ θە ӷ—˒ ˒ۜ ;

- ڕ̚ Ӕ ԕӔڒ ە, , ӒӘ ӓ Ӕ•ڸ ے˗ڸ ەӒ̸ ە;

- θӒ ӷӒ ۓ˞ ˔•̚ θە ڒ̚ ,

- ӕӒ Ν ڸ Μڸ •–˔ ӕ ӗ ”“ , ԕӔҝ ە;

- ӕ , ȗ˒ ’˝, ӓ ˒ڸҝ ’•-ӗ ڕ̚ ԕ˝ ̓˖˔Ӓ;

- Ӓ– θ Ν ڕ˕Ӓڸ ӕ̝, ̸ ڸ ͖̚ ’;

- •žӔ 3-Ӕ˗̚ ’ӷӕ Ӓ ەڸ ԯ˖, Ӓ җ ԕ•˝ ӓ ڒӕ̚ ӓӒ ӕ’ ;

- žӓ˗̚, ¯’ Ӓ Ӕ•˒ ڸ ӗ ӗ ӕӯ Ν ے˗˝ ԕӔθ, , ϝ, ڕښ ҷ•“ ۔̚ Қ Ӕ;

- θӒ Ӓ Ӓ ԕӔθڸ ̸ ӓ˗ ԕӷϚ;

- Μ ӕӒ θە ’ӷӕښ ͕ ڕ·ڸ •–˔ ۘ ҞӔ, ϝ ӷ—˒ •• ڒ ӕ — “ Ӕ.

ԕ : ӓ •Ӓ̚ •• ۓ Μ ԕ̝ڸ ۗ ԕӓ ?

ӷ ۗڸ θȯۜ ӕ˜ ˒ ”˜, ӷҸ ۜ ʷ ˝ ••ڒ, ʷ • θۜ θӞڒۜ ˷. ӷ ۗڸ ӕ˜ , ԕ”ڸ ҒӜ ԕӒ” ”Ӓθ˞ , ӷҸ ”ۜ ڕ:

(•’Ӕ ڕ ʔ˞ ˖˒/ʷ ˝ ••ڒ)



[Return to CCI Home Page] [Return to Ag Initiative Main Page]