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ưƧƷ ؀Ƨ ́ƴƣƨ ߀ Ʒ.

ưƧƷ ؀Ƨ ́ƴƣƨ ߀ Ʒ. (Ƨ 瀢Ϸƣ ݩƂ 跁ƢƩ ưݷ.) .

ʀ .. ݂Ƣ, ݒ ƧƩ ƣݨ ́ƴƣƨ ߀

Ʒ Ԓ ʮ ߀ ƒΨ ݒΨ ƷԨ. - ߨƣ ߢ ݂ ®ʮ (؀ʮƢ Ƨݢ ݂ߨƢ, ݴς ư, ԒƢ Ʒ ݷ) ƴ ݴ ȓݒϷ ݷƀ ݣ߂ ƁȀ . ƨ “ˀ ߂ Ƣ, ̒ Ȁƨ ݒݒ ʮ Ԓ ݂ ݰʮ Ƨ. ƴˀ ́؀Ƣ ưƷƢ΢Ӓ ʀư߂Ʒ ߨƩ ®ʮ, ΢ , Ɓƴ 1/3 ݣ߂ ƧƩ ƮƧ Ϸƣ ԩ.

ư ݀ ˀ ݂. ǂ ݴς ƧƢ ݰƒ ߀ ߁ƨ شƧƧ , ƒ ̂- -Ƣ, Ƃƒ ģ-ƨ˴ƨ ƨش. 134 ˂ Ʒ ƴ 100 Ӓ Ԓ Ƨ݂ Ƣˀ شƧƧ . شƧƧ - ߮ ݷ ư݂ Ƣ‚Ʒ ƂƢ, ݂Ʒ ƴ; Ƨ - ݧ ƒ ƶ ƴƢ݂ ݴς ư; ؀شƒ ԶƩ ‚; Ƨش , Ȯ Ƨ݂ݨ.

瀣ݒ ʮ شƧƧ ưƷԀ Ȁ , ƁӒ ừ ® ݂Ƣ, ݴς ݂ ư. , 25: Ɓݒ ừ ߢƢ݂ , ƒ΀ ݂Ӓ Ʒ 33: ˂, ߀Ʃ Ƃ ƴ 70:. Ʒݢ Ʒ ư 4,7 1988. Ɓݒ 3,7 , 90-΀ Ƨ, ƷݢԀ ƴ ƒ ƧƢƩ ƒƷ ˂ ƷƩ ʮ / .. ˒݂Ƣ ,1993 /.

鷂Ƣ΀ Ƣςƣ ƷԂ ˂ -

- ݰƀ Ȯ ߀;

- ưߴ ߀ , ́ƴƣ ݨƒƷ ƣ ݰƒƢ Ϸƣ ԩ;

- Ƣς ݂ʮ Ʒƣ Ƃƴ ݂Ʃ Ƣ݂ ƣ شƧƧ ϰ ߮ƂΨ ʀݨ;

- ȀΩ ƧƧ ݂ʮ ߀ςƩ ;

- ƷݒƁ ‚ Ȯ ݣƷȮ ‚ƴƣ.

߀ Ƃ Ʒ - ƣƨΩ Ƃ, Ȯ 29 ݧݒ-ݴς ưƢ݂. 뀴Ϸԩ΀ Ƨ ߨȀ ݷ ƴ, 遮, т, شݧ ƷݢԀ 43.2 ., ƨ ˂-30,4 .. ģƁݒ Ƣ ߢƴӒ Ȯݒ ߧ ϒ ƣ Է ƩΨ ƮߢƧƨ Ƨ, ݁ ݁ Ƃ ݧ݀ ƒ ς ® -- ݷ ݢƧ. 뀴Ϸƀ ԩ Ʒƣ ߀ ƷƢƨ ؀ʮݴ߮ ƮߢƧ ƒƢƧƩ Ƨʮ,݁ ݁ ߧ ݣԒ΀ Ƣ ƮߢƧ Ƣ. ̒Ʃ ߂ς ݷ ˂ ݂Ԓ ƢΨ ϒݨ. ݢ ݁ 跁ƢƩ ưݷ.

Ƃ ˮƁ ݷƷ݂ Ƣ-Ƨƴ΀ Ƨƴ΀ ߁ Ψ شƧƧ, ƣ ؀ݶ ߀. ưƢ݀ ưƧƷ ߢƢ݂ , ݂ ݴς ư ݒƣ Ƣ ݒ ݰƒ. Ȁ Ʒ Ƨ ƷƩ Ƨ ݣ ƒ߮Ʒ ߀Ʃ Ƃ, ݁ ݂.

݁ ݴƢ݂ ݒݴς-‚ƀ ؀ Ϸƣ ԩ. Ʒ Ƨ Ƣ݁؂΀ ʀ Ϸԩ Ƨʮ ݂ Ʒ 90 , ƣ ݁ ƒԀ΀ ݣƨ ƨ˴΀ - 500 . ƮߢƧ ݴς ư ƷݢԀ 50 ʀƢ ݢ 1990, Ʒݢ Ϸƨ ԩ -14 ʀƢ. ǂ ݴς ư ݴ 5 Ȁ Ȁ , ƣ ݁ ߢ ݂ ̒ƒ Ɓݒ Ʒ݀ 300 - 400 . Ɓ݀ ݂ ư, ߢƢ݂ . ƮߢƧ ݁Ƣ ߮Ʒ 10:, ߀Ɠ ƨݩƢ - 6:. Ʒ Ƨ ݧ ƮߢƧ Ƨʮ Ϸԩ Ԓ ưƷ ݢ ƢΨ 1986 - 1990 Ʒ 45: /.. ݂, 1995 /.

1990- Ƨ ߀π , ݁ ݂, ƮƧԒ ƴˮ ؀, ݁΀ 瀢Ϸƣ ݩƂ 跁ƢƩ ưݷ. ݷ ƴƢ ƢƢ ưߓӒ ݷʮʮ Ԃ ԩ, ߂Ӓ ԩ, ݷˮӒ شݧ ߀, ΧԀ ݧƢƧ ƣƧ ݰ Ȯ. ߓϒݒ ߨӒ ݂ ߀ƴƢ݂, ̒ƨ Ӓ ưƒ, ƁӒ ߨ ߀ƴƢ݂. ƶ ݂ʮ ߀ƴƢ݂ Ƣƶ݀ ݨ Ʒ݂Ƣ ưƒƢ, ݀ Ʒ ƴƢ݂ ߀.

߮ ̒ ưƧ Ԓ Ʒƀ ߀, ݧؒƢ݂ Ψ -ݒ ́Ƃƨ ƢԨ, شƧƷ ưƒƢ, ʮƢ݂Ʃ ߂ƣƩ ưݰƒ , ʮƂݴςƣ Ƣ ư, ߁ݒݒ ‚ƴƣ §΢݂ Ϸԩ ϒ. ̒ ưƧ ƴ ƴƢݒ ƴƣʮ ߀ ƨ Ƃ Ƣ ؀Ƨƨ ؀Ƨ. ƴˮ ߢ ݂ ݁ ݰݒ΢Ӓ ƷݮӒ ƴƣ Ƨ Ϸƣ ԩ, ƷƢ݂΀ ƁȀ ƴƨ ƒ߀ ƒ ݴς ư ® Ȯ ݷ ݁ݴςƨ ƴƢ݂ ƴƣ ݁Ƣ Ƣˀ شƧƧ , Ƨݢ ƴ߂, ԁƢ, ݁ ƷȀ ƨش Ԓ, Ɓ΢Ȯ ݒƣ ߧ ƷԂ ƧƩ , Ȯ Ƣ Ƣ݂ ƶ. ݁ ߢƧ ƴ ߢ݂ ́ƴƣƣ Ϸƣ ԩ.

ƂƢ ݁ ƧƢ ԩ ƢݴƷ ƴρ ƷƢ ݢ, ừԀ ݓƩ ݒ Ƨ ưȮ ߢ݂ " ݴϒݒƀ " ߀. Ɓ ̒ ¢ݒ΢݀ ƴ 0,1 - 0,3 ʀ ƷƩ شݧ ƷݢԀ ƴρ 2 ʀ Ƣƣ ݣƮߢƧ / .. Ƣ , ..݂Ƣ , 1991 /.

ݮƴ ݢ / Ɓƴ 60 / "Ƨݨƀ" ߀. ֣ ƴƶ ݰƒ݂ ݢ Ψ . ݩƨ - ƷƢݒ ݂ƷƔ. ŮƧݨƀ ݢ ݷݒ݀ ƀ ݁ ݴ݂Ƣ݂ƀ ʀƀ ݷ˒ݰ ƴρ ߀, Ʒ ݮƷ߀. Ƨ ߂݂ Ԃ 㓂 ߢߧ ߢ ݷ, ΢ ƴƶ . ݁ƨ ش݂ ƷƢ΀ ʮ ƷԒ ƴ Ϸԩ ݰƒ ƒ ƧΨ Ʒ ݨ Ƨݨ ݒƢ ݒݴƢ Ƨ ݷԨ, ƨƷƢ݂ ݢ ݂ ƒƧƢ. ƣݷ Ƨݨƣ ߀ Ƨݒ Ʒ ݷ ݨ ݷ ߢƴӒ ؀ʮݴς΀ Ƨݨ ݒ /500-507/, ƒ΀ ƴӒ ݷ ݷ / η, ƨˁ, , ʢƢ ݴ݂ /. ݶ ƴ ƒƧ Ƨݨ ƨƷݨ, ƒƢ ƒ ݁ ƴߓӒ Ƨݨ ݒ. Ƿ Ԓ ư ݢ ߧ݂ ƧƧ, "ƒȀ Ƨ". ʮ Ƨݨƣ ߀ ƴƶ ƷƢ Ʒݢ ݴ Ʒ Ϸԩ ϒ, ƒ΀ ƴߓӒ ؓƷ ƣƧƢ. ݓƩ ݒ ݴ ݨ݂ ƢƧ Ƨݨƣ ߀. 邮 ưӒ ݂ Ʒݒƀ ́؀ݴςƀ Ƨ ƷݒƢ ̒ƣ ݢ ƴˮ Ʒ Ʒ ƷƢ Ƨݨƣ ߀ ݁ ƶ݀, ݁ ݧʮƂƨ ߀.

ݧ ݂ Ȁ Ȁ ƴρ ݢ ݴϒݒƣ ߀, ƒȮ· ƒ Ƨݨƣ, Ƨ ưƩ. , , ƒƷ ݂-ƴƣƀ. ƒ ƒ Ƨݨƣ Ƃ ΢݀ Ԃ Ʒ Ƣ, ݒ݀ ؀ʮݴς ݒƢ. 듒 Ƃʀʮ Ƨ :

- ߧ݂ "Ʃ ߧƢƩ" Ƨ݂ ưƴƣƩ ԒςƷ ;

- ԩ ƴ ƴƷ ƴƢݒ ƷƮߢƧ Ƨʮ, Ƨ ݴ݂ خݒς Ȁ;

- Ԓ ƴρ ݂ ư /݁ ݢ, ƨƷ /

- ݴς ؓ ݷ΀ / ݴݣ߮, ƨƷ˴݁ / ݴϒƢ ;

- Ȁ ƴƢݒ ® ؀ʮ;

- ϰ ԁݨ, Ԩ ƴ߂Ԩ ƷȀԀ ƴρ ݂, Ɣ݁ ƴƣ Ƨݨ, ؓ݀ ƴƢ݂ ̔ ݷ ݷ , ƒƢ ݷƀ ݷ, ݷς ʮƢ, ݒƢ;

- ƢƧ ݁ ݢ ưݰƒ ;

- Ԓ Ƣ݂ شƧƧ Ȯ ݷ ƷȀӒ ưƒƢ.

Ůƴƣ, ݂, ́ƴƣ ƴߓӒ ƷƢƨ ʮ , ݂-ƴƣƀ ߀. "݂" ߀ Ԓ ΢ݒ "ƴƣ," ݂ʮ, "́ƴƣƩ " Ӓ ߂ ݂.

"Ƣ݂" ߀ ƒ݀ ƒ ΧȮ , Ƃ ؓ݀ ƣ݂ ƴ ® ؀ʮƢ ݴς ư ƴ݀Ʃ Ƨʮ. ƴˮ ߨ ƴӒ Ƣ݂ ƔʮݴςΨ ߢ݂ Ʃƣ Ϸƣ ԩ sustainable agriculture. Ƨ΀ "Ƣ݂Ψ" ߀. ݢ ʀ -

- ݧΩ Ʒ ƮߢƧ ́Ƃƨ ˂ ݁ݴςƣ ƴƢ݂ Ƣ ԩ;

- ́Ƃƨ ݢ݂ ߁ݒݒ ‚ƴƣ, ˮƁ ƴߓ Ʒ ʮ, ưƴƣ, ݣ®, ݣ́ƴƣ, ߀ ݓ, ݂ Ƣ ƁȀ .

ݢ ƒ ߢ݂ ̒ ݢԒ ƀ ݧ ƴƣʮ ́ƴƣʮ ߀. ̒ ߂݀, Ϸԩƀ Ԓ, ݣ́Ʒ ݷݒ݀ ݁ ƒ Ʒς ݢΩ, ́ƴƣ ƷԀΩ ݂ߨ, Ȯ ݮƷ݂ƀ ߢ ݂ݔ ƮߢƧ, ݢ΀ ݷ ƒƣ /ݷƧ, ƒƢƧ, ƀ ԩ/, ʮ݂Ӓ ݁ ؀ʮ ݂ ƣ ݂ߨ. ශ ́ƴƣƣ Ϸƣ ԩ ƷƮ ƨ, ư ߧݢݒ ؒݴςƀ ݮƧ ̒ ݂Ƣ ƣ, Ƨ݂ƣ ʮݴς ݢƣ ƮߢƧ ƧƢ خ݂ / . ݂ϒ, 1991 /.

ʀ ݷƷ݂ ́ƴƣ ƧƢ ԩƢ݂ ߧ݂ 倶ƧΩ ƴƣƣ , ƷƢ΀ ݢ ƒƣ:

- ߧ݂ ߨƶƀ Ƣˀ شƧƧ ߀;

- Ȯ݂ ߧƢ ݷ ƒ ߨƶ ® Ȯ ݷ, ݶ ưݢƁ ʮ ݒƢ;

- ƮߢƧ ߮ƴƣ ƴʀ ƧƢ خ݂ ߂ς ƴ Ʒ؂Ψ ʀݨ;

- ʮݴςƀ ʀݢƀ ߧ Ƨ ԁ ݣƁ ;

- ݴςƀ, ߨƶƷ, ƒ ưݢԀ π Ƣ;

- ߧ݂ ݷƩ ư݂ ߀ ݣԒ Ƣ ߂.

鷂Ƣ ƴƣƣ ߀ ƷݢԀ ưƒ ưƒƢ, Ƨ΀ ƷƢ ݴςƩ ƁƂƩ ʀ ߀. 뀢ưƒ Ʈ ƷƢ شƧƷ. ݒς΀ ƨƂ ưƒƢ - ƣƴ Ƨƴ ưƢ΀ ݢ ߴ݁ƢΨ, ߀ưưƢ΀ ƨ΀ ϒ / ƓƷ΀ ƶ΀/, ߮΀ Ƣ΀ ƴƷƢ΀, ˂΀. ưƀ ݂ Ԁ ƴϒ - Ƣƨ ߧ΢݂ ƴ ϒ ݂ Ʒ. ƣ Ʒ ƴϒ δ ݰƒ݂ 40 - 50 ݧ , Ʒ δ . ߂ư߮ Ƣ ݷ ݂ Ʒ ư؀݀ Ʒش؂ ƴˮ ƴ ݷς ƷݒƢ ݁ʮ ưƴƣƩ ԒςƷ ư݀ƨ ƀ.

ƴƣ ԩ ƴ ԧ ݷƧƨ ݒ ƒƢƧƀ ݢ, ưƧ ƴƩ ʮ ƢƩ Ƨʮ ƴݒ ݂ ư. ؓƩ ݣ߁ 1 /1, 5 ƴƢ 15 Ƣ / ƶ ƮߢƧ Ʒ 10 Ƃ ƨƷƢ 1 Ϸԩ Ƨ, ư؀ ηƁ ƶݩƷ ϒ شƧƷƨ ưƒ / .. Ƣ, .. ݂Ƣ, 1991 /.

ী ́ƴƣƣ ߀ Ƣ, Ƃ Ʈ ݓ ݷƢ ƒƩ ϷԩƩ ݓ. 鷂Ƣƴƶ ƒƩ ݣƂƨƩ ݓ .. ƴƒƢ Ȁ 18 Ƣݴ ƷƢ΀ ʮ ݣ́ƴƣ - Ϸƣ ԩ Ƃ ƧƩ. ֣ ݁ ƨʮ ƴߓӒ ƨ ƮߢƧ ƴƣ ƴʀƩ ߧƢƩ Ƨʮ. Ʒ δ ߧ݂ Ƃ .. ƴƒƢ , ƷƢ ʀ ƒƣ - Ƨ ݓ Ƣ݂ ưݷ ́ƴƣ ƴƣʮ Ʒƣ ߀. ؀΀ ݰƒ݂ ƷȀ ƣݨ ߧ݂ ʮ ́ƴƣƩ Ƨʮ ƷƢ Ƨ ݂Ƣ / IFOAM/.

Ʒƨ ʮ ؓ ݂ʮ "݂ƣ" ΂ Ʒ ߨƶ Ƣݒ Ƣ ؀Ƨ ́ƴƣ Ƨ ԩƢ݂. Ѵ ƷȀ ƣݨ ʮ ́ƴƣƩ Ƨʮ ߧ݂ ʮƂΩ ʀ , ƒΩ Ʈ Ƃݴς΀ ƒ, ݁ ķʮʮ ́ƴƣ ԩ Ʒ, ƧԒ ԩ ݴ Ʃ, 퓴ϷƩ, Ʃ, ƷƢƩ 跁ƢƩ ưݷ / " 蓒", . ݢƣ 瀢Ϸƣ ݩƂ, " " ǀƴƣ ݩƂ /. ԩ ݂Ӓ ́ƴƣ ƮߢƧƨ Ƣ ® ƣ ƣ خ݂, ݢ, ưخ®, Ƃش /ƴƁ/. Ƃ ƴƒƢ, ƒӒ ݂ʮԨ ́ƴƣƣ Ϸƣ ԩ ֢ . ݨ ԢӒ: ݷʮʮ NATURLAND , EKOSEM, APOLLO (AHU) MICHAEL FIELDS AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE , FARM VERIFIED ORGANIC (CIF ) , ECOLAND ƴ. ưݨ ߧ݂ ݴϒݒ ߀ ݂Ӓ ݓ-ƢݒϷ ߀Ʃ Ƃ Ʒ. ǀƴ Ʒ 뀴Ϸԩ āݧ Ƣ "ģ́Ʈ" ݰݒ΢݀ ƣݨ ߧ݂ ݴϒݒ ߀ ԩ 瀢Ϸƣ ݩƂ 跁ƢƩ ưݷ ݨ ƀ ؀Ƨ Ʃƨ ߢ Ɓݴςƨ Ƣ "瀢-21". ݶΨ ƨƨ ݴʮ ƧưƩ ƣݨ ԢԀ ݮƢ݂Ʒ ݨ ԩ, ݁ ƧƧ ؀ʮݴƢ ƢƧ Ʒƀ Ƣ ‚ƴƣ ́ƴƣƣ ƮߢƧ Ƨʮ. 춀 Ȁ Β ݁ƣ ƮߢƧ ƨ. ݰƒ ݴʮ ƣݨ ݒ 1995 Ƨ ʮݒ ݢ Ϸƣ ԩ Ƨ ưݷƣ ݩƂƣ ƨƢ ߀ςΨ ݨ ƢƧ ߩ.

ԩ ԢӒ خΨ 瀢Ϸƣ ݩƂ. ߮ ʮ Ϸƨ ԩ ݩƂ ƒݶ݀ ưȀ ƷԂ Ϸԩƣ ƮߢƧ Ʒ. ݩƂ ߁ ߴ ừ ݂ ݴς ư. Ʒ 10 ݂ ư 1 ݴ 9 Ƃ, ݴς 1992 Ƨ - 1,7 . 1 ˂. Ăݴƣƀ ƴƶ ؀ʮƢ, ƒƀ ƁݒƷ 1,4 / 1989 Ƨ 0,2 / 1994Ƨ. / .. рԒ , 1995 /. ݁ ʮ ݰӧ݀ ԩ. ԩ ؀ʮݴ߮Ӓ ƮߢƧ ƒƢƧƩ Ƨʮ. Ăݴ ԩƩ ԒςƷ ؀Ƨ 1993-1995 Ɓݴ, ƶݩƷ Ϸԩ ϒ ߁, ̒ ưԷԀ ߁ شƧƧ , ߂ςΨ ݴς ݂ ư, ưӧ ưƒƢ ƒ ݢςƩ Ƨ ϷԩΨ ϒݨ. Ʒ Ƨ ԩ ƴߓӒ ƷƢƨ ƴρ ߴ݁Ƣ΀ ƣƴ ݢ. ς ߮ݷ ƴ ưƢ ϒ /, خ/, Ƨ Ȁ ƴˀ شƧƧ .

ƣݨ ݓ ƮߢƧ ݰƒ ݰƒ ݴϒݒ ߀ ԩ 瀢Ϸƣ ݩƂ ݀ :

- ʀ ƷԂ Ƨ Ƃ;

- ߓ ݁ƣ ƷԂ Ƣ ԩ

- ݁ݧ Ƨς ƴ Ʒƀ ‚ƴƣ ́ƴƣƣ ƮߢƧ Ϸԩ ϒ ƨ ؀ʮݴʮ ԩ;

- ݰƒ ƀ ݂ʮ ƣ ԩ ƷƢ ƴƣʮ ƷȀ ʮ ƮߢƧ.

؀ ˀ ư ́ƴƣƣ ߀ ݢ ƒ Ƣ ưƢ݂ ư, ݨݴς Ƣ݂ ƧƒƢ ƴƧ ݧƢ. ̒ƨ Ʈ ݰƒ ƣ݂݀ Ƣ ݓ Ƣ݂. 1995 Ƨ ݀ Ω ́ƴƣƨ ߀ Ƣ ؀ʮݴƢ ԩ 瀢Ϸƣ ǀƴƣ ݩƂƢ /ʀ .. ݂Ƣ/. ƣݨ ߢ ́ƴƣƣ ߀ 瀢Ϸƨ ݩƂ ƴ Ƨ Ƨ. ƢƧ ư Βƨ ݂ƣ ƣ ԩ ݷʮʮ EKOLAND/ƴ/. ؀ʮݴƢ ݩƂ /..ƴݒƢ, . . ݰ, .. 瀂, .. Ƣ, .. ݂Ƣ/ ߨƶƷ ߂݁ƨ ́ƴƣ ԩݨ ƴˮ, ݂ ƮߢƧƨ ؀ݰƒƩ Ƨʮ ƒƢƧ .

/.. Ƣ, ..݂Ƣ /.



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