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݂ ƣݨ ݂ ʮƂΨ ݣƨ

Ƨ݂

ƣݨ ̔ƣ ƮߢƧ
݂Ƣ݂
Ƨ݂


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ƣݨ ̔ƣ ƮߢƧ () ݢ Ƣ݂ ƮߢƧ ƢƢ Ƨƣ ƒ Ƣˀ ƮߢƧςƷ Ʒ. ƷݢԀ Ʒ ݒԨ ƣݨ ư ݨ݂ Ԓ. ƣݨ ԢԀ Ƨʮ Ƨƣ ƨƂƢ ƣ ݂ ݴ, ƣݨ Ɓ݂ ‚Ʃ ƨȮ ƷƀƩ ֢؀ ߮. ƣݨ ԢԀ ݮƴ ̔Ʃ ƣݨƩ ư. ؀Ƨ 1946 1954 Ƨ ƴ 24 000 ݢȮ ƮߢƧƨ ݧʀ Ԓ 16 ݂ Ʒ ݨ݂ Ԓ ߂݁ƨ ݷƢΨ ƮߢƧƨ, ‚Ʃ Ƣƣ ݷ ƢƢ, ش݂Ƣ݂ ƮߢƧ شݧ, ݂ʮ , Ƨݨ ߢ ߂, Ʒ Ƣݨ ưƢ݂ ‚ƴƣ, ݁ Ƨݨ ݒƣ ش݂Ƣ݂. ƒ ƮƷ ݂Ʃ ƣݨ ƷݢԴ 1,5 ʀ ƒ ƮƷ ݂ ݴ, ̔Ʒ ؀ʀ.

݀ ƴˮ ƨƂƢ ƣݨ ݂ ݴ: ݒςΩ ƒ ݂ݒƢ, ƴƢ݂ ؀ƧƢ ؀ ʮ, ư ݨ݂ ƨ݂ Ƨƣ Ɣ, Ƃ؀Ƣ݂ ƣ ݂ƣ, ߓ ƷƢ ߂, ݂ ݁ , ƧƒƢ ݷƢ ߀ʮ Ʒ, ƧƴςƷ ݰ - Ԓ ƴƢƩ , ݁ ƷȀ ƣݨ ݷ ؓƢ ƣݨ ԒςƷ рƢƣ ߧ݂ ݰςƩ ́Ƃƨ Ʒ.

݀ ݷ ƣݨ: ݒ, ԢȮ ݧݨ Ԓ ݨ ƒΨ ݢ Ԓ, ݂Ԓ΀ ݁ ƒݷ ݁: ƮߢƧ ƧƢ خ݂ ( ưݰƒ, ݁Ƣ Ʒݢ); Ʈς ( ߧ݂ ® ƀƢ Ƃ-Ʈς΀ ݰƒ); ƮߢƧ ; ˢ ( ƮߢƧ ߴ Ƣ Ƨ ư, Ʒς ݧƷ, ˒, ݧƷ ߨ ..); ƮߢƧ ݨƢ ( ƮߢƧ ݨƢ, ƨݒ ) ʮƣ ưƢ݂; ݁ ƮߢƧ Ӱ ƢƢ Ƨƣ ƒ ƷưȮ ư ߂ Ʒ ݶ݂.

ƧƴςƷ ƣݨ ư - .

݂ ݂ƣ ΁: ưݒς.

ƣݨ Ɓ΢݀ Ƨ ƴρ ݶ݂ݨ Ʒ, ƒ΀ ݨ Ɓݒ ݂ ƷưӒ ߢ ݷƣ . ƣݨ ̔ƣ ƮߢƧ ߂ ƶ Ƣ ߧ݂ Ƣ Ԓ ݨ݂ ݨ. 駂݁, ƴρ Ƣݒ, ߓϒݒ ݢݢˮ· Ƣ Ƃ݁Ƣ ݨ݂ ߂ݨ ݂Ƣ Ƣƀ ƒ ߧ݂ Ƣƀ Ԓ. 鷂Ƣ ʀ ƣݨ - ݒ ߨƶƷ ݒԨ ư Ƣ΀ ݢ΁, ʮ ߢ ƀ ưƣ Ԓ, ߂ݒ Ƣ Ƨ ݢ, Ғ شݒ ߂݁ƨϷ ƢΨ ‚ƴƣ ƷԨ ưݷ ƮߢƧ.

݂Ƣ݂ ƣݨ ̔ƣ ƮߢƧ ()

݂ ʮƂΨ ݣƨ ݨ݂ ݴƣشݒȮƢ. ʮ Ƣ ݷƢ ƣݨ ش݀ ݂ƣ ݣ. 񀂒 ݶ݂ ʮݒ ƷȀԀ ݂ʮ ʮ ƣݨ Χ ݣƨ . ݷ ƣݨ شݒԒ ߂Ʒ, ƒ΀ ݷƀ ƣˀ ݧݒ ݷƧƢ ݷƧƢ ư ݢݰƢ ƒ Ʒ Ƨƣ ؓƢ .

, Χ΀ , ߢݩ ƣ݂ , ƴˀ ݷ, ƣݨ ƷȀԀ ݣƧ ݷΨ ݨ݂ ݨ, ݂ʮԨ ƨ݂Ԩ, ƒ΀ ưȀ ݴ ƷݢӒ ߨƶƷ Ʒ ݒԨ ߂݁ƨϷ ƢƩ ݁Ʃ .


Ƨ݂ .

ƣݨ ̔ƣ ƮߢƧ ƷƮ ƨƂƢ: 
	1.  ς ƧƒƢ.
	2.  ƣݨ ư.
	3.  Ƃ؀Ƣ݂.
	4.  ݷƷ݂ ƴ ߂݂  Β.

1. ς ƧƒƢ ݀ ؀ʮݴς΀ ݂Ԓ, ݂Ƣ݂΀ Ψ ƒԨ . ݂΀ ݂Ԓ ƨƣӒ ݷݨ ߂݁ƨϷ ƷƢΨ Ƣ݂Ԩ ƣݨ, ƷƢΨ ݷ؀ݨ ݨ݂Ʃ ϒ, ߴΨ ݷ؀ݨ ݨ݂ƣ ߂. 駂 ƨƂƢ ƣݨ ςƩ ƧƒƢ ԢԀ Ƣݧ ̴Ψ ߂݂Ԩ ݂ƣ ΁ ưȀ ˮ ݨ݂ Ԁݨ.

2. ƣݨ ư ƷƮ ƷȀ ߴ Ԓ ˀ Ɣ Ԓ, Ȯ ƒˀ ݧݨ ƣݨ, Ƣ Ʒݨ ߂. ƣݨ ݀ 8-9 ؀΢ƨ ư 12 13 ݷƢ ݂݁݀ 17-18 ݷƢ . Ȁ ƣݨ ݀ ƷȀ Ƨƣ Ԓ ư Ƣ Ʃ ƴƢ . 駂݁, ƣ ƣݨ ݰ Ƨ ƷȀ Ԓ.

ƶݒ ƒ ƣݨ ư :

    ƣݨ Ʒݢ ݨ ߨƶƷ
  1. ߂݁ƨϷ :
    • ƢΨ ‚ƴƣԨ ưƢ݂;
    • ݨ݂ Ƨݨ ƮߢƧ Ʃ ݢ ߂ƨ;
    • ߴΨ ݨ ݂ʮƂƩ ;
    • Ʃ Ƨ ݧƢ;
    • Ʃ ݮƒˀ ݰƒݨ Ԓ ƢƧƨ;
    • Ʃ ݂Ƣ݂ Ԓ;
    • Ƨݨ ݨ;
    • Ʃ Ʒݢ ݂ Ƣ-ݒݴς Ƃƴ ;
    • Ʃ Ƨݶ Β Ƣ ..
  2. ߂ݒ :
    • ƴ ݷƣ ߂ ưȀƩ ߂ ݩƂ, Ƨ, ˒ݒ;
    • ݮƒˀ ݷƣ ߂ ƢƧƨ Ƨ, ˒ݒ, ݢϷ ;
    • Ʒƣ Ƣ݂ ߧ݂ Ƣ ݷ Ԓ;
    • Ƣ Ƣ, ݷʮʮ ưȀ ƨ ݂ʮ, ݁ ư ƴ ߢ ݷƣ ݒϷ.
  3. ݁ ߨƶƷ ݧݒ ƶ Ȯ ݷ ƷƢ ƴ ƒ .
ƣݨ ư ݷӒ ݨ݂ ƴƂ: , ݧ ݰƒ ݷ Ԓ, Ƨݢݒ Ƣ, ˁƴ ߂ ƴ. 邮 ݒς ƒƢԒ ݨ, Ʈ ηش ƷƢ ݒݴƢ, ƒ΀ ƷݢӒ ݰƒ . Ƿ ƴƂ ݮƢ݂ ؀ ݷݨ ƣݨ Ʈ ߂݂ Β, Ƨ݁ ƶݩ ƴ ƒƢ Ʒ Ƨƨ Ԓ. ƨ, ƣݨ ƷƮ ƷȀ 10-20 Ԓ ˀ Ɣ. ƣݨ Ʒݢ ݁ ưƨ, ư ¢ݒ ݁ ƶ ƴ ˮƁ ƷƢ. ƶݴ ϒ ؀, ݨ ݶ, ʮ Ʒݢ ݨ Ƨƨ Ԓ Ʒƣ ƒˀ ˀ Ɣ. خ΢ݩ Ƃ؀ ʮ - Ƣƨ ƷԂ ́Ƃƨ, ƣ ΂Ɓ ƧϷ ƷԂƨ , ƶ ݧݒ ݁ƣ ʮ ݨ ƂݧưϷ Ȁ. Β ݷƢ ƣݨ Ɓݴ, Ӱ ݴ, Ƨ ư, ƶ Ψ ưƨ ƢԒ ؀ ˀ ߂.

2. Ʒݢ ݨ ݁ ߨƶƷ:

ƣݨ ݷ݂ , Ʒݰ݀ ߴΨ ưԒϷݨ, , ݮƢ݂ ߂݂ Ʃ ϒ, ƒƢ Ʃ ư, ƣ ƒ ݷƢ ƣݨ ݁ ݂ ݁ ƒ. ƣݨ ݷ݂ ݒ Ȯ· ݷ؀ݨ ߂ ƒΒΨ ưȀ Ʈ ƴݨ. ݂ ƣݨ ݴς ƒ݀ ƒ ȀȮ ƣݨ ݶƢƁ - ̒ ƀߧ ԢԀ ƢΨ ߨƨ, ƒ ƷȀ ߴ Ԓ ϒ ƣݨ. ݂ ƣݨ ݢԀ ưƩ ƨش ƣݨ ư, ʀ ƒƩ ԢԀ ƴρ ư ߂݂, ݢ΁Ƣ ƴƢ݂ ˀ ݴςˀ ݰƒ.

3. Ƃ؀Ƣ݂ ԢԀ ưݒςΨ Ƣ ݷ ƣݨ. ݶΩ ݷ ƣݨ ƴ خ Χ݂Ʃ / ݰ ݧ Ƣƨ ƨ ݂ƨ Ԓ . Ƃʀ ݶƣ ݰ ݷ ƣݨ ߨƶƷ Ƨ ƣ , ݂ ݢ΀ Ɓ ưȓ ݰ ݧ .

Ƣƀ ư ƣ ݂ƣ ƨƶ ݨ ݰƒݒ ݢ΁ ݰƒ Ʈ ƴݨ ݰƒ ƧƩ ƨ݂. Ƣƀ ư ƨƶ ݨ Ƣݒ ƷƢ΀ ƨ.

4. ݷƷ݂ ƴ ߂݂ Β. ݶΩ ؓ ƣݨ ̔ƣ ƮߢƧ ݂ƢϷ ƨ рƢƣ 񀂒 ݶ݂ ʮݒ, Ғ / ݢ . ư݂Ʒ ݶƣ Ƨ ݷƷ݂ ߂݂ Β, ƴ ƣݨ ư. ߢȀ ƀߧ ƴ ηخ , ƧϷ ƴΨ ߂݂Ԩ Ʈ ƴݨ ݰƒ ƒݷ ƮߢƧ, ƢΨ ݷʮʮԨ, ݢԨ Ʃ . 倷΀ ݢϷ Ʒ Ɓݶ ݨ Ƨ ݂ʮ Ƣ ηش.

ƧƒƢ ηشԨ Ʒ ݀ . ݰ ݧ Ʒݢ ݁ ưƨ, ư ƣ Ʒ݂Ƣ ƴ Ԓ ʮ, ߂ˮ ߓϒݒ ƷȀ Ԓ/. ˮ ΀ خ ƀߧ ݁ ƨƣ ݨ ˀ ƧƒƢϷ ˮ ηشԨ. ηش ؀ ˮƁƩ ؓƩ ݁ ԢӒ ƨƂƨ ƣݨ, ݁ ݁ Ӓ ߨƶƷ ݰƒݒ ݢ΁, ưƧ΀ Ӱƣ ƢƧ (ݢ΁ ؓƣ ݒ, Ȁ Ƃ ʮ ݒƨ Ʒ؂ƨ ݧȀ ƨ ).

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